Section 1102A  DEFINITIONS: 

ACCESSIBLE for covered multifamily dwellings is the public- or common-use areas of the building that can be approached, entered and used by individuals with physical disabilities. The phrase "readily accessible to and usable by" is synonymous with accessible.

ACCESSIBLE ROUTE OF TRAVEL is a continuous unobstructed path connecting all accessible elements and spaces in an accessible building or facility that can be negotiated by a person with a severe disability using a wheelchair, and that is also safe for and usable by persons with other disabilities.

ACCESSIBILITY is the combination of various elements in a building or area which
allows access, circulation and the full use of the building and facilities by persons with physical disabilities.

ADAPTABLE DWELLING UNIT is a dwelling unit in a building with a building entrance on an accessible route designed in such a manner that the public- and common-use areas are readily accessible to and usable by disabled persons, and all doors are designed sufficiently wide to allow passage into and within all premises by physically disabled persons in wheelchairs as required by this code.

ASSISTIVE DEVICE is an aid, tool or instrument used by persons with disabilities to assist in activities of daily living. Examples of assistive devices include tongs, knob-turners and oven-rack pusher/pullers.

BATHROOM is,  a room which includes a water closet (toilet), lavatory (sink), and bathtub or shower. It does not include single-fixture facilities or those with only a water closet and lavatory. It does include a compartmented bathroom. A compartmented bathroom is one in which the fixtures are distributed among interconnected rooms. A compartmented bathroom is considered a single unit and is subject to the requirements for bathrooms for disabled persons.

BUILDING ENTRANCE ON AN ACCESSIBLE ROUTE is an accessible entrance to a building that is connected by an accessible route to public transportation stops, to parking or passenger loading zones, or to public streets or sidewalks, if available.

COMMON-USE AREAS for covered multifamily dwellings are rooms, spaces or elements inside or outside of a building that are made available for the use of residents of a building or the guests thereof. These areas include, but are not limited to, hallways, lounges, lobbies, laundry rooms, refuse rooms, mail rooms, recreational areas and passageways between buildings.

COVERED MULTIFAMILY DWELLINGS are all dwelling units in buildings consisting of (3) or more privately funded dwelling units if such buildings have one or more elevators; and all ground-floor dwelling units in other buildings consisting of three or more dwelling units. Dwelling units within a single structure separated by firewalls do not constitute separate buildings.

CURB CUT is an interruption of a curb at a pedestrian way, which separates surfaces that are substantially at the same elevation.

CURB RAMP is a sloping pedestrian way, intended for pedestrian traffic, which provides access between a walk or sidewalk to a surface located above or below an adjacent curb face.

DWELLING UNIT is a single unit of residence for a household of one or more persons. Examples of dwelling units include condominiums, an apartment unit within an apartment building, and other types of dwellings in which sleeping accommodations are provided but toileting or cooking facilities are shared by occupants of more than one room or portion of the dwelling. Examples of the latter include dormitory rooms and sleeping accommodations in shelters intended for occupancy as residences for homeless persons.


206.8 EQUIVALENT FACILITATION is an alternate means of complying with the literal requirements of these standards and specifications that provides access in terms of the purpose of these standards and specifications.  See Section 101.2 Purpose.

GROUND FLOOR is the floor of a building with a building entrance on an accessible route. A building may have one or more ground floors. Where the first floor containing dwelling units in a building is above grade, all units on that floor must be served by a building entrance on an accessible route. This floor will be considered to be a ground floor.

KICK PLATE is an abrasion-resistant plate affixed to the bottom portion of a door to prevent a trap condition and protect its surface.

MULTISTORY DWELLING UNIT is a dwelling unit with finished living space located on one floor and the floor or floors immediately above or below it.

PERSON WITH DISABILITY is an individual who has a physical impairment, including impaired sensory, manual or speaking abilities, that results in a functional limitation in gaining access to and using a building or facility.

PERSONS WITH PHYSICAL DISABILITIES A physical or mental impairment which substantially limits one or more major life activities, a record of such an impairment, or being regarded as having such an impairment. This term does not include current, illegal use of or addiction to a controlled substance.

POWDER ROOM is a room containing only a water closet (toilet) and lavatory (sink).

PRIMARY ENTRY is the principal entrance through which most people enter the building, as designated by the building official.

PRIMARY ENTRY LEVEL is the floor or level of the building on which the primary entry is located.

PUBLIC-USE AREAS are interior or exterior rooms or spaces of a building that are made available to the general public. Public use may be provided at a building that is privately or publicly owned.

SLOPE is,  the relative steepness of the land between two points and is calculated as follows: The horizontal distance and elevation change between the two points are determined from a topographical map. The difference in elevation is divided by the distance and the resulting fraction is multiplied by 100 to obtain the percentage. For example, if a principal entrance is 10 feet (3048 mm) from a passenger loading zone, and the principal entrance is raised 1 foot (305 mm) higher than the
passenger loading zone, then the slope is 1/10 x 100 = 10 percent.

TOWNHOUSE is a multistory dwelling unit.

VEHICULAR OR PEDESTRIAN ARRIVAL POINTS are public or resident parking areas, public transportation stops, passenger loading zones, and public streets or sidewalks.

WHEELCHAIR is a chair mounted on wheels to be propelled by its occupant manually or with the aid of electric power, of a size and configuration conforming to the recognized standard models of the trade.

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ACCESS--WHERE REQUIRED:

1102A, 1103A.1.1, 101.17.9: Disabled access for privately-funded residential projects is triggered when a building:

• Has 3 or more dwelling units (Apartment Buildings)
• Has 4 or more dwelling units (Condominium Buildings)
• Is a Shelter for homeless persons & dormitories.
  
  [See definition of Covered Multifamily Dwellings.]
  

Examples:

1. 1-story building w/ 3-units on the first floor: Access is triggered (3 or more dwelling units in the building). All units must be accessible from exterior and adaptable inside. 
2. 1-story building w/ 10 units, each separated by a 1hr fire-rated wall:  Access is triggered. All units must be  adaptable.
3. 2-story building w/ total 3-units. 1 on ground floor: Access is triggered. The first floor unit must be accessible & adaptable.
4. 100 Duplex Buildings on one site: Access not required since each building has less than 3 units.
5. 3-story building with all units designed as Townhomes (multi-story): Access is not required. Multi-story dwelling units are exempt from accessibility.
6. Dwelling Units above private garages are exempt.
7. Dwelling Units above common garages or nonresidential occupancies are required to be accessible & adaptable. , ,

*Note: "Accessible" usually relates to outside the dwelling unit elements, such as parking, routes of travel, etc., while "Adaptable" refers to inside the dwelling unit features & elements. If accessibility is triggered for a building, then it has to be accessible (exterior elements) and adaptable (inside the unit).

Section 1104A - GROUP U OCCUPANCIES Group U, Division 1 private garages which are accessory to dwelling units required to be adaptable shall be accessible.

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Section 1004 - DOORS

1. Entry/Exit Door: Min. 3 ft. wide & 6'-8" high, lever hardware, bottom 10" of uninterrupted surface (kickplate), door signaling device, 24" clear at striker-side, max. threshold height= 1/2", min. 44" deep/ level landings at both sides of door & max. effort to operate= 8.5 lbs.

2. Interior Passage Doors: Min. 2'-10" wide, lever hardware, 18" clear at striker side of bedroom &  accessible bathroom doors, 36" deep landings each side of the door, max. effort to operate= 5 lbs.

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1105A - GROUP R OCCUPANCIES

Group R Occupancies shall be accessible.  Public-use and common-use areas serving adaptable dwelling units shall be accessible.

EXCEPTION: Multistory dwelling units in nonelevator buildings are not subject to access requirements since there is no ground-floor unit.

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1106A - DOOR SIGNAL DEVICES
Every primary entrance to a dwelling unit in buildings containing three or more dwelling units shall be provided with a door buzzer, bell, chime or equivalent installation, mounted at maximum of 48 inches (1219 mm) above the floor & connected to permanent wiring.

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1107A.2 ACCESSIBLE ROUTE OF TRAVEL
When a building, or portion of a building, is required to be accessible or adaptable, an accessible route of travel shall be provided to:

EXCEPTION: Where an elevator is provided for vertical access, only one elevator is required. Where more than one elevator is provided, all elevators shall be accessible.

1107A.4 All walks, halls, corridors, aisles and other spaces that are part of an accessible route shall provide a minimum clear width of 48 inches (1219 mm), except at doors.   EXCEPTION: Privately funded covered multifamily dwelling units shall provide a minimum clear width of 36 inches (914 mm), except at door (where it may be 32" clear).

1107A.5 Sidewalks shall be a minimum of 48 inches (1219 mm) in clear width.

     EXCEPTION: For sidewalks serving individual dwelling units in privately funded covered multifamily buildings, 36" is acceptable.

1107A.6 When the first floor containing dwelling units is a floor above grade, all units must be served by an accessible route.

     EXCEPTION: In multistory dwelling units, i.e., townhouse-type construction, access is not required for buildings without elevators. In multistory dwelling units in buildings with elevators, the story of the unit that is served by the building elevator is the primary entry to the unit. The primary floor shall contain a bathroom or powder room usable to a person in a wheelchair.

1107A.8 Headroom Clearance: Walks, halls, corridors, passageways, aisles or other circulation spaces shall have 80 inches (2032 mm) minimum clear headroom. If vertical clearance of an area adjoining an accessible route is reduced to less than 80 inches (2032 mm) nominal dimension, a guardrail or other barrier having its leading edge at or below 27 inches (686 mm) above the finished floor shall be provided.

1107A.9 If an accessible route has changes in level greater than 1/2 inch (13 mm), then a curb ramp, ramp, elevator or platform lift shall be provided. Stairs shall not be part of an accessible route.

1107A.12 Separate Ground-floor Unit Entrances. When a ground-floor unit of a building has a separate entrance, each such ground-floor unit shall be served by an accessible route, except for any unit where the terrain or unusual characteristics of the site prohibit the provision of an accessible route to the entrance of that unit.

1107A.13 Multiple Entrances. Only one entrance to privately funded multifamily buildings is required to be accessible to any one ground floor of a building, except in cases where an individual dwelling unit has a separate exterior entrance or where the building contains clusters of dwelling units with each cluster sharing a different exterior entrance. In these cases, more than one entrance may be required to be accessible, as determined by analysis of the site. In every case, the accessible entrance shall be on an accessible route to the covered dwelling units it serves.

1107A.14 Site Impracticality. Covered multifamily dwellings with elevators shall be designed and constructed to provide at least one accessible entrance on an accessible route, regardless of terrain or unusual characteristics of the site.

Covered multifamily dwellings without elevators shall be designed and constructed to provide at least one accessible entrance on an accessible route unless terrain or unusual characteristics of the site prevent an accessible route. 

1107A.18 If the slope of the finished grade between covered multifamily dwellings and a public- or common-use facility (including parking) exceeds 1 unit vertical in 12 units horizontal (8.33% slope), or where other physical barriers (natural or artificial) or legal restrictions, all of which are outside the control of the owner, prevent the installation of an accessible pedestrian route, an acceptable alternative is to provide access via a vehicular route, provided necessary site provisions such as parking spaces and curb ramps are provided at the public- or common-use facility.

1107A.20 Adaptable Dwelling Units. Dwelling units shall be considered adaptable when they comply with the appropriate provisions of adaptability contained in Section 1109A and Chapter 10.

Section 1108A [FOR State Fire Marshall] - EGRESS AND AREAS OF REFUGE

General. All required accessible spaces shall be provided with not less than one accessible means of egress. When more than one exit is required from any accessible space, each accessible portion of the space shall be served by not less than two accessible means of egress. The maximum travel distance from any accessible space to an area of refuge shall not exceed the travel distance set forth in Chapter 10.

Each accessible means of egress shall be continuous from each required accessible occupied area to a public way and shall include accessible routes, ramps, exit stairs, elevators, horizontal exits or smoke barriers.

EXCEPTIONS:
1. Areas for evacuation assistance are not required in buildings or facilities having a supervised automatic sprinkler system.
2. Areas for evacuation assistance are not required in alterations of existing buildings.

NOTE: This section is also adopted by the Division of the State Architect, Access Compliance, for buildings not regulated by the state fire marshal.

1108A.2 Emergency Warning Systems/Accessibility Requirements.
Emergency warning systems as part of the fire-protective signaling system shall be designed and installed in accordance with NFPA 72 as amended in Chapter 35.

Section 1109A - FACILITY ACCESSIBILITY

General. When buildings are required to be accessible, building facilities shall be accessible as provided in this section. Where specific floors of a building are required to be accessible, the requirements shall apply only to the facilities located on accessible floors. Doors and openings shall comply with the requirements of Chapter 10.

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1109A.2 BATHING & TOILET FACILITIES

1109A.2.2 Only (1)  bathroom in privately funded accessible dwelling units need comply with the requirements for the physically disabled.

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1109A.3 WATER CLOSETS

• Water closets in bathrooms required to be accessible are required to conform to the provisions of Section 1502, California Plumbing Code, Title 24, Part 5, California Code of Regulations [Height of water closet= 17"- 19" to top of 2" (51 mm) max. height seat--see next item for height to top of seat in Adaptable Dwelling Units. Controls operation by one hand and not requiring grasp, pinch or twist. Controls for flushing to be located on the wide side of toilet area and at max. 44" AFF. Force to operate controls not to exceed 5 lb-force].
• The water closet is required to  be located in a space with min. 36 inches (914 mm) in clear width with 48 inches (1219 mm) minimum clear space provided in front of the water closet. This space may include maneuverable space under a lavatory, if provided, arranged so as not to impede access. The minimum height of water closet seats shall be min. 15 inches (381 mm) above the floor.
  

EXCEPTION: In privately funded multifamily dwelling units, the water closet may be located in a space 48 inches (1219 mm) in clear width with 36 inches (914 mm) of clear space provided in front of the water closet.

1109A.4 Lavatories, Mirrors and Towel Fixtures. At least one accessible lavatory shall be provided within any toilet facility. Where mirrors and towel fixtures are provided at least one of each shall be accessible.





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1109A.5 Fixtures in Adaptable Dwelling Units.

GRAB BARS need not be installed in either a bathing or toilet facility within an adaptable dwelling unit provided all structural reinforcements for future grab bar installation are provided in the appropriate locations in the adjoining walls. The reinforcement shall be of sufficient length to permit the installation of grab bars as specified. The reinforced wall shall be capable of supporting a load of at least 250 pounds (1112 N).

1109A.6 Toilet

• Where the toilet is not placed adjacent to a side wall, the bathroom shall have provisions for installation of floor-mounted, foldaway or similar alternative grab bars.
• Where the powder room (a room with a toilet and sink) is the only toilet facility located on an accessible level of a multistory dwelling unit, it shall comply with the requirement for reinforced walls for grab bars.
• Where the toilet is placed adjacent to a side wall, reinforcement shall be installed on both sides or one side and the back. If reinforcement is installed at the back it shall be installed between 32 inches (813 mm) and 38 inches (965 mm) above the floor.
• The grab bar reinforcement shall be a minimum of 6 inches (152 mm) nominal in height. The backing shall be a minimum of 40 inches (1016 mm) in length. Reinforcement installed at the side of the toilet shall be installed 32 inches to 38 inches (813 mm to 965 mm) above the floor.
• The reinforcement shall be installed a maximum of 12 inches (305 mm) from the rear wall and shall extend a minimum of 26 inches (660 mm) in front of the water closet stool. The grab bar reinforcement shall be a minimum of 6 inches (152 mm) nominal in height.
  
  

1109A.7 Bathtub.

• A bathtub may be installed without surrounding walls provided reinforced areas are provided for installation of floor-mounted grab bars.
• Where a tub is installed with surrounding walls, grab bar reinforcement shall be installed on each end of the bathtub, 32 inches to 38 inches (813 mm to 965 mm) above the floor, extending a minimum of 24 inches (610 mm) aligned with the front edge of the bathtub toward the back wall of the bathtub.
• The grab bar reinforcement shall be a minimum of 6 inches (152 mm) nominal in height.
• Grab bar reinforcement shall be installed on the back wall of the bathtub commencing a maximum of 6 inches (152 mm) above the bathtub rim and extending upward to a point a minimum of 38 inches (965 mm) above the floor. The grab bar backing shall be installed horizontally a length to permit the installation of a 48-inch (1219 mm) grab bar with each end a maximum of 6 inches (152 mm) from the end walls of the bathtub. The grab bar reinforcement shall be a minimum of 6 inches (152 mm) nominal in height. 

 

1109A.8 Shower stalls. Glass-walled shower stalls shall provide reinforcement for installation of floor-mounted grab bars. Reinforcement for installation of ceiling-mounted grab bars is permitted.

Grab bar reinforcement shall be installed continuous in the walls of adaptable showers 32 inches to 38 inches (813 mm to 965 mm) above the floor. The grab bar reinforcement shall be a minimum of 6 inches (152 mm) nominal in height.

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Section 1110A- ELEVATORS
When provided, shall be accessible.

EXCEPTION: Private elevators serving only one dwelling unit. Elevators required to be accessible shall be designed and constructed to comply with Section 3003.4.17.

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Section 1111A - TELEPHONES
On floors where public telephones are provided, at least one telephone shall be accessible. On any floor where two or more banks of multiple telephones are provided, at least one telephone in each bank shall be accessible.

1. General. If public telephones are provided, they shall comply with this section.
2. Clear Floor Ground Space. A clear floor or ground space at least 30 inches by 48 inches (762 mm by 1219 mm) that allows either a forward or parallel approach by a person using a wheelchair shall be provided at telephones.
3. Size and Approach. The minimum clear floor ground space required to accommodate a single, stationary wheelchair and occupant is 30 inches by 48 inches (762 mm by 1219 mm). The minimum clear floor or ground space for wheelchairs may be positioned for forward or parallel approach to an object. Clear floor or ground space for wheelchairs may be part of the
   knee space required under some objects.
4. Relationship of Maneuvering Clearances to Wheelchair Spaces. One full unobstructed side of the clear floor or ground space for a wheelchair shall adjoin another wheelchair clear floor space. If a clear floor space is located in an alcove or otherwise confined on all or part of three sides, additional maneuvering clearances shall be provided.
5. Floor Surfaces of Wheelchair Spaces. Floor surfaces of wheelchair spaces shall conform to the figures in Chapter 11B. Bases, enclosures and fixed seats shall not impede approaches to telephones by people who use wheelchairs.
6. Mounting height. The highest operable part of the telephone shall be within the reach ranges specified in the figures in Chapter 11B. Telephones mounted diagonally in a corner that require wheelchair users to reach diagonally shall have the highest operable part no higher than 54 inches (1372 mm) above the floor.
7. Enclosures. If telephone enclosures are provided, they may overhang the clear floor space required in Sections 1111A.2, 1111A.3 and 1111A.4 with the following limits:

1. Side reach possible. The overhang shall be no greater than 19 inches (483 mm). The height of the lowest overhanging part shall be equal to or greater than 27 inches (686 mm).
2. Full-height enclosures. Entrances to full-height enclosures shall be 30 inches (762 mm) minimum.
3. Forward reach required. If the overhang is greater than 12 inches (305 mm), then the clear width of the enclosure shall be 30 inches (762 mm) minimum; if the clear width of the enclosure is less than 30 inches (762 mm), then the height of the lowest
   overhanging part shall be equal to or greater than 27 inches (686 mm).
4. Equipment for Hearing Impaired People. Telephones shall be equipped with a receiver that generates a magnetic field in the area of the receiver cap. A reasonable number of the public telephones provided, but always at least one on each floor or in each bank, whichever is more, in a building or facility, shall be equipped with a volume control. Such telephones shall be capable of a minimum of 12 dBA and a maximum of 18 dBA above normal.  If an automatic reset is provided, 18 dBA may be exceeded. Public telephones with volume control shall be hearing aid compatible and shall be identified by a sign containing a depiction of a telephone handset with radiating sound waves.
5. Text telephones. If a total of four or more public pay telephones are provided at the interior and exterior of a site, and if at least one of the total is in an interior location, then at least one interior public text telephone shall be provided.
   

Section 1112A- KITCHENS

Kitchens within adaptable dwelling units are required to be accessible. Kitchens in covered multifamily dwelling units that are required to provide access to persons with physical disabilities shall have:

1. A clear floor space at least 30 inches by 48 inches (762 mm by 1219 mm) that allows a parallel approach by a person in a wheelchair at the range or cooktop and either a parallel or forward approach at the oven, dishwasher, refrigerator/freezer and trash compactor.

EXCEPTION: In privately funded multifamily dwelling units containing U-shaped kitchens with a range or cooktop at the base of the U, a 60-inch (1524 mm) clear width between cabinet fronts, appliances or fixtures shall be provided to allow a parallel approach, or base cabinets shall be removable at that location to a height of 27 inches (686 mm) above the floor to allow knee space for a forward approach. Base cabinets directly under kitchen sink counter area, including toeboard and shelving, shall be removable, without the use of special tools or knowledge, to provide clearance for a wheelchair. Finished flooring shall be installed on the floor beneath such countertop. A minimum clear space of 48 inches (1219 mm) shall be provided for all other kitchen designs.

2. 1112A.1 Kitchen Sink Faucet Controls. Kitchen sink faucet controls shall comply with the provisions of Section 1508, California Plumbing Code, Title 24, Part 5, California Code of Regulations. [ Kitchen sink faucet control & operating mechanism should be operable with one hand, not require grasping, pinching or twisting. Force to activate controls should not be more than 5 lbf. Lever-operated, push-type and electronically-controlled mechanisms are acceptable designs. Self-closing valves are allowed if the faucet remains open for at least 10 seconds].
   
   
3. 1112A.2 Countertops. A minimum linear length of 30 inches (762 mm) of countertop should be provided for the kitchen sink, and a min. linear length of 30 inches (762 mm) of countertop should be provided for a work surface, both of which shall be designed to enable repositioning to a min. height of 28 inches (711 mm). The sink and work surface may be a single integral unit, or be separate components. The base cabinets directly under sink and work surface counter areas which are designed for repositioning shall be removable to provide clearance for a wheelchair.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Only 5 percent of the privately funded apartment house dwelling units that are required to be accessible are required to comply with the requirements for repositionable countertops. All other privately funded covered multifamily dwelling units are exempt.
2. Stone, cultured stone and tiled countertops may be used without meeting the repositioning requirements.
3. In privately funded apartment houses, two 15-inch (381 mm) minimum width breadboards may be provided in lieu of the required 30 inches (762 mm) of countertop work surface. The sides and back of adjacent cabinets, which may become exposed to moisture or food handling when a countertop is lowered, shall be constructed of durable, nonabsorbent materials appropriate for such uses. Finished flooring shall be installed on the floor beneath such countertop.
   

4. 1112A.3 Lower shelving. Lower shelving and/or drawer space shall be provided in the kitchen at a height of no more than 48 inches (1219 mm).
   
   
5. 1112A.4 Base cabinets. In dwelling units required to be accessible, base cabinets directly under kitchen sink counter area, including toeboard and shelving, shall be removable without the use of specialized tools or specialized knowledge to provide clearance for a wheelchair.  Finished flooring shall be provided on the floor beneath the countertop.
   
   

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1114A - SIGNS
All accessible toilet and bathing facilities shall be identified by the international symbol of accessibility. Signs need not be provided for facilities within an adaptable dwelling unit, or within an accessible patient or guest room.

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1115A - LAUNDRY ROOMS
If clothes-washing machines and clothes dryers are provided in covered multifamily buildings or dwelling units, at least one of each type of appliance shall be provided in each laundry area, except that laundry rooms serving multifamily dwellings are not required to have front-loading clothes washers. Where front-loading clothes washers are not provided, management shall provide assistive devices, on request, if necessary to permit a resident to use a top-loading clothes washer.

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1116A - FLOORING
If carpet or carpet tile is used in a common-use area on a ground or floor surface, it shall have firm backing or no backing. The maximum pile height shall be 1/2 inch (13 mm). Exposed edges of carpet shall be fastened to floor surfaces and have trim along the entire length of the exposed edge. Carpet edge trim shall comply with the requirements for changes in level.

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1117A - EXTERIOR ROUTES OF TRAVEL

See also Accessible Routes of Travel.

General. When more than one building or facility is located on a site, accessible
routes of travel shall be provided between buildings and accessible site facilities. The accessible route of travel shall be the most practical direct route between accessible building entrances, accessible site facilities and the accessible entrance to the site.

Design and Construction. Use the provisions of this chapter and Chapter 10.

Signs. At every primary public entrance and at every major junction along or leading to an accessible route of travel, there shall be a sign displaying the international symbol of accessibility. Signs shall indicate the direction to accessible building entrances and facilities.

Curb Ramps.

• General. Curb ramps shall be constructed at each corner of street intersections and where a pedestrian way crosses a curb. The preferred and recommended location for curb ramps is in the center of the crosswalk of each street corner. Where it is necessary to locate a curb ramp in the center of the curb return and the street surfaces are marked to identify pedestrian crosswalks, the lower end of the curb ramp shall terminate within such crosswalk areas. Curb ramps DO NOT require handrails.
• Width of curb ramps. Curb ramps shall be a minimum of 4 feet (1219 mm) in width and shall lie, generally, in a single sloped plane, with a minimum of surface warping and cross slope.
• Slope of curb ramps. The slope of curb ramps shall not exceed 1 unit vertical to 12 units horizontal (8.33% slope). Transitions from ramps to walks, gutters or streets shall be flush and free of abrupt changes, except that curb ramps shall comply with Section 1117A.4.5. The slope of the fanned or flared sides of curb ramps shall not exceed 1 unit vertical to 10 units horizontal (10% slope). If a curb ramp is located where pedestrians must walk across the ramp, then it shall have flared sides; the maximum slope of the flare shall be 1 unit vertical in 10 units horizontal (10% slope). Curb ramps with returned curbs may be used where pedestrians would not normally walk across the ramp.
• Level landing. A level landing 4 feet (1219 mm) deep shall be provided at the upper end of each curb ramp over its full width to permit safe egress from the ramp surface, or the slope of the fanned or flared sides of the curb ramp shall not exceed 1 unit vertical to 12 units horizontal (8.33% slope).
• Beveled lip. The lower end of each curb ramp shall have a 1/2-inch (13 mm) lip beveled at 45 degrees.
• Finish. The surface of each curb ramp and its flared sides shall be stable, firm and slip-resistant and shall be of contrasting finish from that of the adjacent sidewalk.
• Detectable warnings. A curb ramp shall have a detectable warning that extends the full width and depth of the curb ramp when the ramp slope is less than 1 unit vertical in 15 units horizontal (6.7% slope). Detectable warnings shall consist of raised truncated domes with a diameter of nominal 0.9 inch (22.86 mm), a height of nominal 0.2 inch (5.08 mm) and a center-to-center spacing of nominal 2.35 inches (59.7 mm) and shall contrast visually with adjoining surfaces, either light-on-dark or dark-on-light. Warning surfaces shall be of the color yellow conforming to Federal Color No. 33538, as shown in Table V of Standard No. 595A.
• Obstructions. Curb ramps shall be located or protected to prevent their obstruction by parked cars. Built-up curb ramps shall be located so that they do not project into vehicular traffic lanes.
• Diagonal curb ramps. If diagonal (or corner-type) curb ramps have returned curbs or other well-defined edges, such edges shall be parallel to the direction of pedestrian flow. The bottom of diagonal curb ramps shall have 48 inches (1219 mm) minimum clear space.
  

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1118A- PARKING FACILITIES

• Accessible Parking Required.
  • Accessible parking spaces shall be located on the shortest possible accessible route of travel to an accessible building entrance.
  • In facilities with multiple accessible building entrances with adjacent parking, accessible parking spaces shall be dispersed and located near the accessible entrances.
  • When practical, the accessible route of travel shall not cross lanes for vehicular traffic. When crossing vehicle traffic lanes is necessary, the route of travel shall be designated and marked as a crosswalk.
    
• Each lot or parking structure where parking is provided for clients, guests, employees or residents shall provide accessible parking as required by this section. In separate parking structures or lots that do not serve a particular building, parking spaces for physically disabled people shall be located on the shortest possible circulation route to an accessible pedestrian entrance of the parking facility.
  
• If assigned parking is provided at privately funded multifamily building sites, designated accessible parking at the dwelling unit shall be provided on request of residents with physical disabilities on the same terms and with the full range of choices (e.g., surface parking or garage) provided for other residents, with accessible parking on a route accessible to wheelchairs for at least 2 percent of the covered dwelling units. Signage is not required. When visitor parking is provided, a minimum of 5 percent of parking shall provide access to grade-level entrances of multifamily dwellings and accessible parking at facilities (e.g., swimming pools) that serve accessible buildings. Visitor parking spaces shall be provided with signage. Such sign shall not be blocked from view by a vehicle parked in the space.
  

1118A.2 Parking Structures. All entrances to and vertical clearances within parking structures shall have a minimum vertical clearance of 8 feet 2 inches (2489 mm) where required for accessibility to parking spaces for persons with physical disabilities.

EXCEPTION: Privately funded garages are exempt from the 8-foot 2-inch (2489 mm) minimum height requirement. Covered parking spaces and parking spaces in common areas shall provide a minimum of 8 feet 2 inches (2489 mm) vertical clearance.

1118A.2.1 Passenger parking spaces shall not be considered to be passenger loading zones.

1118A.3 Design and Construction. When accessible parking spaces are required by this section, they shall be designed and constructed in accordance with the U.B.C. 1118A.4 Parking Space Size.

Parking spaces for persons with physical disabilities shall be located on the shortest possible route to an accessible entrance and shall be sized as follows:

• 1118A.4.1 Where single spaces are provided, they shall be 14 feet (4267 mm) wide and outlined to provide a 9-foot (2743 mm) parking area and a 5-foot (1524 mm) loading and unloading access aisle on the passenger side of the vehicle. When more than one space is provided in lieu of providing a 14-foot-wide (4267 mm) space for each parking space, two spaces can be provided within a 23-foot-wide (7010 mm) area lined to provide a 9-foot (2743 mm) parking area on each side of a 5-foot (1524 mm) loading and unloading access aisle in the center. The minimum length of each parking space shall be 18 feet (5486 mm).
  
  1118A.4.2 VAN SPACES: One in every eight accessible spaces, but not less than one, shall be served by an access aisle 96 inches (2438 mm) wide minimum, and shall be designated van accessible as required by Section 1118A.4.1. All such spaces may be grouped on one level of a parking structure.

1118A.4.3 Arrangement of parking spaces. In each parking area, a bumper or curb shall be provided and located to prevent encroachment of cars over the required width of walkways. Also, the space shall be so located that people with physical disabilities are not compelled to wheel or walk behind parked cars other than their own. Pedestrian ways which are accessible to people with physical disabilities shall be provided from each such parking space to related facilities, including curb cuts or ramps as needed. Ramps shall not encroach into any parking space.

EXCEPTIONS: 1. Ramps located at the front of parking spaces for people with physical disabilities may encroach into the length of such spaces when such encroachment does not limit a person with physical disabilities’ capability to leave or enter their vehicle, thus providing equivalent facilitation.

2. Parking spaces may be provided which would require a person with physical disabilities to wheel or walk behind other than accessible parking spaces when the enforcing agency determines that compliance with these regulations or providing equivalent facilitation would create an unreasonable hardship.

1118A.4.4 Slope of parking spaces. Surface slopes of accessible parking spaces shall be the minimum possible and shall not exceed 1/4 inch (6 mm) per foot (2.083% gradient) in any direction.

1118A.5 Signs. Every parking space required by this section shall be identified by a sign, centered between 3 feet (914 mm) and 5 feet (1524 mm) above the parking surface, at the head of the parking space. The sign shall include the international symbol of accessibility and state RESERVED, or equivalent language.

NOTE: For parking spaces at privately funded covered multifamily buildings, use Section 1118A.1. An additional sign shall also be posted in a conspicuous place at each entrance to off-street parking facilities or immediately adjacent to and visible from each stall or space. The sign shall not be less than 17 inches (432 mm) by 22 inches (559 mm) in size with lettering not less than 1 inch (25 mm) in height, which clearly and conspicuously states the following: Unauthorized vehicles parked in designated handicapped spaces not displaying distinguishing placards or license plates issued for physically disabled persons may be towed away at owner’s expense. Towed vehicles may be reclaimed at or by telephoning. In addition to the above requirements, the surface of each accessible parking space or stall shall have a surface identification duplicating either of the following schemes:

• 1118A.5.1 By outlining or painting the stall or space in blue and outlining on the ground in the stall or space in white or suitable contrasting color a profile view depicting a wheelchair with occupant; or,
• 1118A.5.2 By outlining a profile view of a wheelchair with occupant in white on blue
  background. The profile view shall be located so that it is visible to a traffic enforcement officer when a vehicle is properly parked in the space and shall be 36 inches high by 36 inches wide (914 mm by 914 mm).